Labour market service expenditure, 2007 and 2011, % of GDP

In the EU, Member States are responsible for organising, staffing and running their PES. Because of the different institutional labour-market structures in Member States, there is no single approach to PES in Europe. However in recent years differences in the range and mix of services have been reduced in Europe. This is partly due to a series of reforms in customer service, information technology, performance indicators and classification schemes but also to greater mutual sharing of experiences and greater collaboration between agencies providing employment services. Nevertheless no single model for PES has emerged, and a number of different approaches to PES are seen in Member States.