Sectoral shares of IED installations in 2018

Directive 2010/75/EU – the Industrial Emissions Directive – is the main EU instrument regulating pollutant emissions from industry. The large agro-industrial installations undertaking the industrial activities listed in Annex I of the IED can only operate if in possession of a permit, granted by national authorities. Activities covered by the directive include power plants, refineries, waste treatment and incineration, production of metals, cement, glass, chemicals, pulp and paper, food and drink, and the intensive rearing of poultry or pigs.
More than half of IED installations are active in the farming and waste sectors (Figure 1). An installation may carry out several IED activities –for instance, cement production and waste co-incineration.