Other proposals, for instance from the European Fiscal Board, take into account the countries’ different starting positions in their debt levels and propose country-specific paths for debt reduction. The European Stability Mechanism, on the other hand, proposes to increase the debt ceiling to 100 % since the current 60 % public debt-to-GDP ratio is no longer relevant. Indeed, while gross government debt to GDP ratios have increased since the 2008-2009 financial crisis, overall debt servicing costs have been declining steadily since the mid 90s (Figure 27).
eral government gross debt in EU Member States and interest payments 1995 to 2023
General government gross debt in EU Member States and interest payments, 1995 to 2023, as a % of GDP
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