The revision of the MFF, agreed in February 2024, increased the EDF by €1.5 billion (+16 %). It increased Heading 5 ceilings for 2021-2027 to €16.4 billion (in current prices, +10 % compared to the initial MFF), of which €10.34 billion was for the defence cluster, and 1.36 % of MFF expenditure. Taking into account the use of the flexibility instrument in 2023 and 2024 to finance ASAP, Heading 5 spending for 2021-2027 is at €16.71 billion (see Figure 2).
Heading 5: Security and defence
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