The 2021-2027 MFF is allocated €1.2 trillion (in 2025 prices) corresponding currently to 1.02 % of the EU’s gross national income (GNI). Initially, it corresponded to overall expenditure of 1.13 % of EU GNI.
For the 2021-2027 MFF, amounts were adjusted by a 2 % deflator as envisaged in the current MFF Regulation. The 2 % deflator was below actual inflation in the first years of the financial period and thus led to a loss in the purchasing power of the EU budget amounting to 0.11 % of EU GNI, with the current MFF now corresponding to 1.02 % of EU GNI. Together with the additional funds, both grants and loans, provided by Next Generation EU (NGEU), a temporary instrument established to tackle the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, it reached 1.7 % of EU GNI.
The proposed 2028-2034 budget stands at €1.8 trillion (commitment appropriations, 2025 prices), which corresponds to 1.26 % of EU GNI. This includes €149.3 billion (0.11 % of EU GNI) for the repayment of the debt created by NGEU grants. Therefore, when comparing with the current MFF, it is appropriate to consider the NGEU repayment separately. Excluding the NGEU repayment, the proposed post-2027 MFF reflects, in nominal terms, an increase of €367.2 billion (+29 %). However, in real terms, the increase is only up to 0.02 percentage points of GNI. The comparison highlights the changes in budget commitments across all headings, with the most significant growth occurring in Heading 2: Competitiveness, prosperity and security (+140%).
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