Russia and Ukraine are key agricultural players which, combined, export nearly 12 % of the food calories traded globally, and are major providers of basic agro-commodities, including wheat, maize and sunflower oil. Together, they supply around 90 % of cereal imports in eastern Africa countries, and over 50 % in North Africa and the Middle East (analysis of EU Commission – see global food security – cereal imports). Although EU sanctions imposed on Russia and Belarus do not target these agricultural commodities, global food supply is negatively affected by a significant reduction of cereal exports from the countries at war.
Exports of wheat by Russia and Ukraine
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