After a relative decrease in the number of people trying to cross the EU external borders irregularly in recent years, this trend has been reversed since 2021 (see Figure 2). According to Frontex, around 380 000 irregular entries were detected at the EU’s external borders in 2023. This number represents an increase of 17 % compared with 2022 and is the highest since 2016. The Central Mediterranean and the Western Balkan routes were the most active migratory routes into the EU in 2023 – accounting for two thirds of all detected irregular entries.
Detection of irregular crossings of the EU external borders (in millions)
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