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Written by Marcin Grajewski.
The European Commission’s President, Ursula von der Leyen, announced on 16 February that she would soon put forward a strategy for the European defence industry, designed to strengthen military production and arms supply.
Russia’s full-scale attack on Ukraine two years ago reignited the EU’s push towards strengthening its defence capabilities and cooperation. The European Parliament and President von der Leyen, among others, believe that the EU should strive towards establishing a fully fledged ‘European Defence Union’, following on from a number of ground breaking initiatives and significant growth in military spending.
The discussion on the need for the EU to become more self-reliant in defence has intensified in response to comments made by Donald Trump, the presumptive Republican nominee for the 2024 US presidential election, who suggested that the United States might disregard NATO’s Article 5 collective defence clause and not protect from a potential Russian invasion those NATO allies who are not spending enough on defence.
This note gathers links to recent publications and commentaries from many international think tanks on EU defence issues. Earlier analyses of Russia’s war on Ukraine can be found in a previous edition of the ‘What Think Tanks are Thinking’ series.
Four NATO defense priorities for the upcoming Washington summit
Atlantic Council, February 2024
NATO should be ambitious with its new Southern Flank Strategy
Atlantic Council, February 2024
Trump courts real danger with his invitation to attack NATO
Brookings Institution, February 2024
Is defense a priority across Europe?
Carnegie Europe, February 2024
As Trump threatens NATO, is it time for Europe to get its act together?
Chatham House, February 2024
Donald Trump says he will not protect “delinquent” NATO members
Council of Foreign Relations, February 2024
Strengthening the political credibility of NATO extended nuclear deterrence
Egmont, February 2024
As Putin and Trump threaten from East and West, Europe must stand up for itself
European Council on Foreign Relations, February 2024
The EU and military AI governance: Forging value-based coalitions in an age of strategic competition
Finnish Institute of International Affairs, February 2024
La Défense de l’Europe par les Européens: Un mythe, une nécessité, une ambition, un espoir?
Fondation Robert Schuman, February 2024
NATO turns 75 and must deliver
German Council on Foreign Relations, February 2024
Trump-proofing Europe
German Council on Foreign Relations, February 2024
How the prospect of a second Trump presidency is already shaping geopolitics
Atlantic Council, January 2024
How Europe can escape its structural energy weakness amid great power competition
Atlantic Council, January 2024
UK-EU security cooperation after Ukraine
Carnegie Europe, January 2024
Germany’s paralysis holds back Europe
Carnegie Europe, January 2024
The EU rapid deployment capacity: Political priorities and real needs
Centre for Eastern Studies, January 2024
Can European defence take off?
Centre for European Reform, January 2024
Campaign roundup: Is NATO on the ballot in 2024?
Council of Foreign Relations, January 2024
The EU and the Red Sea: Now this is geopolitics
Egmont, January 2024
What future European defence and technological industrial basis (EDTIB) do we want/need? The Belgian case
Egmont, January 2024
Home alone: The sorry state of Europe’s plans for self-defence
European Council on Foreign Relations, January 2024
EU-NATO relations in a new threat environment: Significant complementarity but a lack of strategic cooperation
Finnish Institute of International Affairs, January 2024
The EU will become defensive, or superfluous
German Council on Foreign Relations, January 2024
75e sommet de l’OTAN à Washington : Un cadeau empoisonné pour l’administration Biden
Institut français des relations internationales, January 2024
From “as long as it takes” to “as long as we can”: will the West abandon Ukraine?
Österreichisches Institut für Internationale Politik, January 2024
The US and NATO must clamp down on Russian fossil fuels to end the war in Ukraine
Atlantic Council, December 2023
Expanding NATO’s competitive mindset: Deterring and defending across physical and virtual domains
Atlantic Council, December 2023
Arsenal of democracy: Integrating Ukraine into the West’s defense industrial base
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 2023
Military exercises on NATO’s north-eastern flank. Moving towards intensification and synchronisation
Centre for Eastern Studies, December 2023
Future-proofing EU security and defence cooperation in the Indo-Pacific: Doubling down with friends
Centre for European Policy Studies, December 2023
Ukraine: We are at a ‘Demosthenes moment’ in Europe
Egmont, December 2023
Guns. Lots of guns: EU strategic responsibility and the European defence industry
European Union Institute for Security Studies, December 2023
Stronger resilience through cooperation in the Sahel: Recommendations for a coordinated EU foreign and security policy in a multi-polar landscape
Foundation for European Progressive Studies, December 2023
The Israel-Hamas war two months on: what is it telling us about the new world order?
Friends of Europe, December 2023
Transatlantic cooperation on Ukraine: How Europe could respond to uncertainty over US assistance
German Council on Foreign Relations, December 2023
What’s at stake in the EU elections: Security and defense
German Marshall Fund, December 2024
Ukraine between NATO and the EU
Italian Institute for International Political Studies, December 2023
The future of multilateral peacebuilding and conflict prevention
Atlantic Council, November 2023
Vanishing partners: The implications of the Sahel coups for the EU’s security policy
Centre for Eastern Studies, November 2023
Comment continuer à renforcer notre agenda européen de souveraineté et d’indépendance?
Confrontations Europe, November 2023
The Global Gateway at two: Implementing EU strategic ambitions
European Centre for Development Policy Management, November 2023
Striking absence: Europe’s missile gap and how to close it
European Council on Foreign Relations, November 2023
Building weapons together (or not): How to strengthen the European defence industry
European Union Institute for Security Studies, November 2023
Franco-German leadership in European security: Engine in reverse gear?
Finnish Institute of International Affairs, November 2023
Évolution de l’OTAN : Poursuite ou accélération du processus de transformation?
Institut de Recherche Stratégique de l’Ecole Militaire, November 2023
Europe is stuck over the Israel-Hamas war
Istituto Affari Internazionali, November 2023
NATO nuclear adaptation: Rationales for expanding the force posture in Europe
Polish Institute of International Affairs, November 2023
Freedom must be better armed than tyranny: Boosting research and industrial capacity for European defence
Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies, November 2023
Strategic interdependence: Europe’s new approach in a world of middle powers
European Council on Foreign Relations, October 2023
Europe’s broken order and the prospect of a new Cold War
International Centre for Defence and Security, October 2023
Read this briefing on ‘European defence, strategic autonomy and NATO‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.
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